<h2>Beck Depression Inventory</h2>
The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was developed by American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck in 1961. Today, it is one of the most widely used psychometric assessments for evaluating the severity of depression and tracking changes over time.
The Beck Depression Inventory is among the most recognized tools for assessing emotional well-being and depression levels. It is commonly used in mental health hospitals and clinics worldwide.
Purpose of the Test
<ul>
<li>Facilitate self-assessment of mental health status.</li>
<li>Provide insights into mental health trends and help plan future consultations accordingly.</li>
<li>Synthesize relevant information for more effective discussions with doctors or mental health specialists.</li>
</ul>
Note:&nbsp;This test is for informational purposes only and does not replace a medical diagnosis by a qualified healthcare professional.
Test Guidelines
<ul>
<li>The BDI consists of 21 questions. Carefully read each question and select the response that best reflects how you have felt over the past week, including today.</li>
<li>For each question, choose one statement from the four provided that most accurately describes your emotional state during this period.</li>
</ul>
.

Beck Depression Inventory

<h2>Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21)</h2>
The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) is a 21-item psychometric tool designed to assess the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress, which are increasingly common in the general population. This test is frequently used to evaluate the psychological state of individuals facing life challenges, such as job loss, injury, or other difficult circumstances.
Structure of the DASS-21
The DASS-21 consists of three self-report subscales, each measuring a different emotional state:
<ul>
<li>Depression Scale: Assesses dysphoria, hopelessness, self-deprecation, loss of interest, anhedonia, and inertia.</li>
<li>Anxiety Scale: Measures autonomic arousal, muscle tension, situational anxiety, and the subjective experience of anxious affect.</li>
<li>Stress Scale: Evaluates chronic non-specific arousal, including difficulty relaxing, nervous tension, agitation, irritability, and impatience.</li>
</ul>
Each subscale contains 7 items, and scores for depression, anxiety, and stress are calculated by summing the relevant responses.
Purpose of the Test
<ul>
<li>Facilitate self-assessment of mental health.</li>
<li>Provide insights into emotional well-being and help plan professional consultations accordingly.</li>
<li>Compile relevant information for more effective discussions with healthcare providers.</li>
</ul>
Note: This test is for informational purposes only and does not replace a medical diagnosis by a qualified mental health professional.
Test Guidelines
<ul>
<li>Carefully read each question and select the response that best reflects your emotional state over the past week.</li>
<li>There are no right or wrong answers - answer based on your actual feelings.</li>
<li>Avoid spending too much time on any single statement.</li>
</ul>

Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21)

<h2>Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS)</h2>
ZUNG (Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, SAS) is used to measure the severity of anxiety disorders. This test is relatively commonly used in hospitals and specialized clinics focusing on mental health. The Zung test evaluates anxiety levels based on four groups of symptoms: Cognitive, motor, autonomic nervous system, and central nervous system.
Purpose of the Test
<ul>
<li>Facilitate self-assessment of anxiety levels.</li>
<li>Provide insights into mental health and support planning for appropriate medical consultations.</li>
<li>Compile relevant information for more effective discussions with healthcare professionals.</li>
<li>Track progress in patients undergoing treatment..</li>
</ul>
Note:&nbsp;This test is for informational purposes only and does not replace a medical diagnosis by a qualified doctor or mental health professional.
Test Guidelines:&nbsp;
<ul>
<li>The SAS consists of 20 items, each with four response options.</li>
<li>Carefully read each statement and select the answer that best reflects your experiences over the past week, including today.</li>
</ul>

Mental Health Assessment